At the 1998 Cap Gemini World Pairs Invitational, Tony Forrester and Zia Mahmood’s once-huge lead was down to single digits as the final board hit the table.

The Italian pair in second place had also reached three no-trump here, but Tor Helness, West at that table, led the heart jack, in response to his partner’s opening bid. Declarer won with the king and guessed poorly on the clubs. Back came the heart nine, ducked all around, then a diamond to the king. That disrupted declarer’s communications; he now had no way to generate a ninth trick.

At the critical table, though, on the auction shown, Forrester reached three no-trump after the opponents’ nebulous club and negative response. West, Krzysztof Martens, led the diamond 10 to the king, East unblocking the queen. Forrester cashed the club ace and played another club to the jack. He continued in diamonds, throwing a heart from dummy and leaving Marek Szymanowski, East, on play. He made the natural-looking lead of the spade queen (he needed to shift to a heart to set the game), and Forrester put up the king.

He then took the diamond ace, discarding another heart, and cashed his clubs. Szymanowski had to keep three hearts, thus only two spades. Forrester was able to lead a spade, win the heart return with the ace and play another spade. The heart king and his long spade represented his eighth and ninth tricks.

Had the swing on this board gone the other way, it would have reversed the final positions.

After four matches in the 1998 Cap Gemini World Pairs Invitational, the local supporters were delighted to see Piet Jansen and Jan Westerhof of the Netherlands atop the table. Then they met Tor Helness and Geir Helgemo on Vugraph and lost out, mainly because of the following hand.

It looks as if North-South had done well in the auction, since the diamond game appeared to depend simply on the winning diamond finesse. But there was more to it than that. Helgemo found the diabolical lead of the heart four! When Westerhof played low from dummy, Helness had no trouble in putting up the heart king. (He knew his partner’s larcenous tendencies and could see that if declarer had the heart ace, the game would surely be laydown).

Helness now did very well when he switched to the diamond four before declarer could discover the deception in the heart suit. Had he not done so, declarer might have played a second heart himself and exposed the ruse.

From this defense, Westerhof reasonably deduced that East was likely to hold the ace and king of hearts. Accordingly, his only chance would be finding the bare diamond king with West, since otherwise there would not be enough high cards to justify an opening bid. So he tried to drop the singleton king of trumps and failed in his contract.

After that point, the Dutch pair headed south in the field, while Helness-Helgemo went on to take third place.

In the 1998 Cap Gemini World Pairs Invitational, today’s slam hand struck a chord with me. In Victor Mollo’s Bridge Menagerie, Themistocles Papadopoulos was reputed to be the only man capable of false-carding with a singleton. This deal’s declarers had to decide if their defenders were capable of precisely such a feat!

Of the eight tables playing in this event, seven declarers managed to reach six hearts. Slam is excellent — it can basically be claimed if trumps split. However, when declarer laid down a top heart from the North hand, the nine appeared from West. Now the question was whether this was a singleton or the “standard” expert false-card from an original holding of jack-nine-fourth, to persuade declarer that this was a singleton.

The problem here is that if you make the wrong guess and play the defender to have a singleton when he has four, that player will be able to gloat over you for the rest of his life. This was a good deal for the Berkowitz family, since David Berkowitz’s partner, Larry Cohen (playing against one of the very strongest pairs in the event), and Lisa Berkowitz (competing against the other female pair in the room) were the only declarers to succeed. They were prepared to pay off to this apparent “brilliancy,” by continuing with a second top trump from dummy and so made their slam.

The rest of the field played for their opponents to be superstars by leading a small heart to the queen, and all went down.

At the 1998 Cap Gemini World Pairs Invitational, one of the pairs in contention comprised Krzysztof Martens and Marek Szymanowski of Poland.

Martens has recently developed a second career as a coach and writer of some excellent books, which are both entertaining and informative. Meanwhile, Marek Szymanowski is known to be a tricky opponent, and he produced an excellent false-card against the Hacketts, brothers from England who were regular contenders on the Great Britain team for most of the last decade.

After Szymanowski had opened a Polish club with the East cards, Jason Hackett elected to overcall one no-trump rather than one heart, and consequently found himself in two no-trump as South after having shown strong no-trump values, together with a heart suit.

Martens accurately selected a spade lead, which Hackett won in hand and played a heart to the nine — and Szymanowski took it with the king! Then he cleared the spades, and declarer, not unnaturally, repeated the finesse in hearts, allowing the defenders to win a second heart trick.

Together with two spade winners and three diamond tricks, that meant two off. But note that if East had taken the heart jack at trick two, declarer would have used dummy’s spade entry to finesse East out of the heart king, and would have made eight tricks in comfort.

Declarer’s play would have succeeded against an original 4-1-4-4 pattern in the East hand, which was entirely consistent with the partnership style.

At the 1998 Cap Gemini World Pairs Invitational, we saw a relative rarity when Paul Chemla of France made an error in declarer play. His dissatisfaction with a bad guess on a high card must have been doubled upon discovering that he did not require the guess at all!

While three no-trump may be the best spot for North-South, the contract of four hearts on the lead of a top spade looked perfectly reasonable. After some thought, West shifted to the diamond six, middle of three cards, and East defended well by putting in the nine.

Declarer won in hand and crossed to the heart king, then continued with the heart nine. East continued his accurate defense when he covered, to deprive declarer of an entry to dummy. Now Chemla could draw all the trumps, but in the process, he made the mistake of pitching all of dummy’s spades. Now a diamond to the jack, ducked, left him needing to find the club jack in the endgame. Since West clearly had the length, and from the auction East had the club ace, Chemla got it wrong by playing West for the club jack.

A better line would have been to leave one spade in dummy while drawing trumps, reducing to one spade, three diamonds and two clubs. Now when you lead a diamond to dummy after drawing trumps, East must duck it as before. But now you ruff dummy’s spade back to hand and lead a third round of diamonds. East takes it, but is endplayed to lead clubs away from his ace in the three-card ending.

When Jens Auken wrote about the “kill-point,” he was suggesting that it is dangerous ever to relax at the table. If you do, you might miss that the critical point of a deal has been reached.

When the following hand arose, players sitting West were weighed in the balance, and most were found wanting. It looked normal for East to pre-empt to two spades, over which South could take the two-way shot to jump to five clubs. Since East’s opening call had virtually denied two aces, West typically doubled rather than bidding five spades, then led the spade king. When the king held, West had to plan the defense at trick two. I invite you to do likewise before reading on!

Doesn’t it seem natural to shift to a top heart? If you do, declarer ruffs in hand and lays down the club ace, then ruffs a spade, ruffs a heart, and goes to dummy with the club 10. Now the heart ace, followed by a heart ruff, eliminates all the major suits from his hand and dummy. The diamond ace and a second diamond leaves West hopelessly endplayed, forced to concede a ruff-and-discard, on which declarer’s last diamond loser is discarded.

If West does not lead or shift to a heart, declarer cannot eliminate the major suits — the trump entries to dummy are insufficient. But at only one of the eight tables did a defender spot the trap. When Michel Perron of France saw Paul Chemla contribute the spade nine at the first trick, showing an even number, he carefully continued with a spade to defeat the contract.

West ups the ante when East pre-empts to three hearts over North’s opening bid. Note that it is only the diamond ruff that beats four hearts.

Of course, North should refuse to sell out at his second turn. His double is takeout, though South can pass with trump tricks or length. Today his four-spade call gets him to a sensible spot — that is, until the trump break comes to light.

South ruffs the second-round heart in dummy and comes to hand with a diamond to try the trump finesse. The finesse succeeds, but when he discovers West has all five of the missing trumps, South must take desperate measures to keep control of the hand.

When he switches his attention to clubs, West ruffs the second round. Now a spade would let declarer draw two more rounds of trumps, then run the clubs, and West would simply score his long trump.

Therefore West accurately returns a heart, hoping to shorten South’s trumps and regain control of the hand. South ruffs in hand, discarding a club from dummy. He now cashes the high diamond, ruffs dummy’s third diamond in hand and leads another club in a four-card ending where dummy has two cards in each black suit, while declarer retains one trump and three clubs.

West must ruff, and now if he leads a trump, South will finesse and claim the rest. So West plays a diamond, letting South ruff in hand and pitch dummy’s last club. He now has a trump coup to score dummy’s two trumps.

Wang Wenfei is a world champion who is generally regarded as one of the best players in the world. In last year’s Hua Yuan Cup (an annual women’s event held in China), in the match between China and France, she and her partner Shen Qi showed excellent judgment and aggression in the bidding and then had to back it up in the play.

On the last board of the session, Wang became the declarer in five hearts doubled after a highly competitive auction. As you can see, four spades is a perfectly sensible contract, though one defeated on the defensive ruffs. But more than half the field was in five hearts doubled, and everyone but Wang went down, from one to four tricks!

The spade king was led to trick one. Declarer took her ace and ducked a diamond. West took the king to play back a spade, and declarer ruffed the spade return in dummy to run the diamond jack, discarding a club. After winning West’s club return, she played the heart queen to pin the jack; when West ducked, declarer drew the trumps in three rounds and ruffed out the diamond queen, for plus 650.

The defense could have done better if West had covered the heart queen; now she must score the heart nine one way or another. Conversely, declarer could have ruffed the second diamond instead of discarding. Now she would be able to lead the heart queen from her hand and lose just one more trick, no matter what West did.

The Dyspeptics Club players are all getting older, but apparently no wiser. However, South’s cards actually seem to be improving — which East described as being equivalent to the likelihood of a 100-year storm striking the bridge club every day. He also said that the only thing that was keeping him from bankruptcy or suicide was the knowledge that South would turn his gems into dross.

Today’s deal was just such an example when South picked up a hand that even he might have admitted was a trifle better than his usual. He reached six hearts on a typically unsubtle auction — though admittedly, it is not easy to bid the hand intelligently. He won the diamond opening lead and laid down the heart king, prepared to claim his contract, then sat back in his chair when the 4-0 trump break came to light.

Eventually, he coughed up the spade ace and continued with the jack, planning to pitch his club loser on the spade queen. Alas for his side, his plan was good but not foolproof. When West won his spade king and continued the suit, East ruffed in, and South was left with a club loser.

Cutting short South’s expostulations that he had genuinely been unlucky, North commented that chance favors the prepared mind. What did he mean?

Had South led the spade jack at trick three, he would have retained control of the spades. He could win the return and unblock spades, then draw trumps, finishing in North to take his discard in peace and quiet.